Anatomy - Tissues Quiz
Epithelium
Cells fit closely together / Tissue layer always has one free surface / Lower surface is bound by a basement membrane / Avascular (no blood supply) / Regenerate easily
Simple Squamous
Single layer of flat cells / Usually forms membranes - Lines body cavities / Lines lungs and capillaries.
Simple Cuboidal
Single layer of cube-like cells / Common in glands and their ducts . Forms walls of kidney tubules / Covers the ovaries
Simple Columnar
Single layer of tall cells / Often includes goblet cells, which produce mucus / Lines digestive tract
Pseudostratified
Single later, but some cells are shorter than others / Often looks like a double cell layer / Sometimes ciliated, such as in respiratory tract / May function in absorption or secretion
Stratified Squamous
Cells at the free edge are flattened / Found as a protective covering where FRICTION is common / Found in skin, mouth, and esophagus.
Transitional Epithelium
Shape of cells depends upon the amount of stretching / Lines organs of the urinary system.
Connective Tissue
Found everywhere in the body / Includes the most abundant and widely distributed tissues / Functions: Binds body tissues together, supports the body, provides protection
Variations in blood supply and extracellular matrix
Name two dominant characteristics of Connective tissues.
Bone (Osseous)
____ cells in lacunae (cavities) / Composed of: hard matrix of calcium salts, large numbers of collagen fibers / Used to protect and support the body
Hyaline Cartilage
Most common cartilage / Composed of: abundant collagen fibers, rubbery matrix / Entire fetal skeleton is hyaline cartilage
Dense Connective Tissue
Main matrix element is collagen fibers / Cells are fibroblasts / EX: tengon - muscle --> bone; ligaments - bone --> bone
Areolar Connective Tissue
Most widely distributed connective tissue / Soft, pliable tissue / Contains all fiber types / Can soak up excess fluid
Adipose Tissue
Matrix is an areolar tissue in which fat globules predominate / Many cells contain large lipid deposits / Functions: insulates the body, protects some organs, serves as a site of fuel storage
Reticular Connective Tissue
Delicate NETwork of interwoven fibers / Forms stroma (internal supporting network) of lymphoid organs - lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow
Blood
Cells surrounded by fluid matrix / Fibers are visible during clotting / Functions as the transport vehicle for materials / Fight infections / ONLY fluid connective tissue
Skeletal Muscle
Can be controlled voluntarily / Cells attach to connective tissue / Cells are striated (striped) / Cells have more than one nucleus / Locomotion and body heat
Cardiac Muscle
Found only in the heart / Function is to pump blood (involuntary) / Cells attached to other cardiac muscle cells at intercalated disks (gap junctions) / Cells are striated (striped) / One nucleus per cell
Smooth Muscle
Involuntary muscle / Surround hollow organs / Attached to other smooth muscle cells / No visible striations / One nucleus per cell
Nervous Tissue
Neurons and nerve support cells / Function is to send impulses to other areas of the body