Intro to Microbiology
Examples of microbes...
Bacteria, Archaea ,Fungi, Protozoa ,Multicellular Animal Parasite, Algae, Viruses
Animal parasites are microorganisms, but are often included in microbiology because
eggs are microscopic
Life is defined by
Cell, homeostasis, Growth and development, Assimilation of energy, Have genetic material, Reproduction
How was the cell discovered?
Observed cells of dried cork wood using a crude "microscope" & found little compartments
How was the smallpox vaccine created?
Jenner found that milkmaids didn't seem to get smallpox. They instead got cowpox. Experimentally infected a "volunteer" with cowpox and then tried to infect the patient with smallpox. Cowpox was protective against smallpox
How was abiogenesis dispelled?
Broth-filled flasks with swan necks open to the air. When neck was in place, particles (and microbes) fell to the neck bottom. No growth occurred. When neck was broken, particles fell directly into broth. Growth occurred.
What is Koch's postulates?
isolate the microbe from diseased/dead animal. Grow in pure culture. Use pure culture to infect healthy animal. Re-isolate microbe from the reinfected animal.
What did Dr. Oliver Wendell Homes notice?
mothers that gave birth at home got less infections than the mothers who gave birth at the hospital
Why did women get more infections at the hospital during childbirth & how was it prevented?
Doctors would routinely go from autopsy to maternity wards without washing hands. New "aseptic" technique using crude/harsh chemicals reduced hospital borne infections
What happened in 1928?
found that a mold that was growing on his petri plate was inhibiting the growth of bacteria. Discovery of penicillin
What do protease inhibitors do?
they do not allow any protein modification (cutting), will stop the onset of AIDS
Hanatvirus can cause
HPS (Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome) or HFRS (Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome)
How does pseudomembranous colitis happen?
come to hospital & get treated with lots of antibiotics. kills normal flora in GI tract. overgrowth of C. difficile